Dry cell



S. E. GERTLER.

DRY CELL APPLICATION FILED umuzo, ms.

1,390,696. PatentedSept. 13,1921.

PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL E. GEBTIQEB, Q1 BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

DRY CELL.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pa,tented Sept, 13, 1921,

Application filed November 20, 1919. Serial No. 889,490.

' To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL E.-Gnirrnnn,

. a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough ofBrooklyn, in the city of New York, county of Kings, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dry Cells, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invent1on relates to dry cells and an object thereof is the rovisionof a dry cell, the electrolyte of wich will not form a double salt withzinc, thereby enabling a much more concentrated solution to be used thenthe electrolyte pro ided in dry cells as now constructed.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a dry cell which,for a 'ven duty, is much smaller, volume for v0 ume, than dry cellsconstructed in accordance with the practice existing up to the time ofthe resent invention.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a drybattery cell structure wherein a number of cells are arranged inmultiple, the dimensions of the multiple dry battery cell structurebeing no greater than that required fora single dry. cell as now known.

In dry cells of the La Clanche type, the electrolyte used is an ammoniumchlorid solution, This cannot be more than a twenty per cent. solutionsince, when the cell is in use a double compound of zinc ammoniumchlorid is formed which is deposited on the zinc of the cell and as thissalt is hi hly resistant electrically the zinc cannot unction properly.I

I have foundby experiment that if a chlorid, calcium chlorid, forexample, which will not form a double salt with zinc and will notchemically react to any great extent with the zinc be used as theelectrolyte, a much more concentrated solution may be used than possiblewith the electrolytes now used,

thereby enabling the volume of the cell for a iven duty to be verymaterially reduced. I have found also, that by the use of such anelectrol to I am enabled to obtain a po-.

tential di erence between the zinc and the carbon of the cell, at leastone and one-half volts.

Another advantage of my improved dry cell structure is that where amultiple arrangement of cells is desired this may be accomplished veryreadily by roviding a single dry cell embodying a p urality of z'incsand a plurality of carbons connected in mult1ple, the volume of whichdry cell would be no greater than that of the ordinary single cell butwould be capable of performing the same duty as a plurality of the usualdry cells connected in multiple.

Bdy way of illustration, reference maybe ma e to the accompanyingdrawings, where- 1n- Figures 1 and 2 show an improved form of zincelement to be used in connection with my invention; and

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 show diagrammatically a cell structure wherein aplurality of zincs and a plurality of carbons may be connected inmultiple.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the zinc of a dry cell is designated 1, this zinc beingformed with corrugations 2, whereby the outside dimensions of the cellremain as in the ordinary dry cell but the surface of zinc exposed tothe action of the electrolyte is very much increased, so that when myelectrolyte, which is a much moreconcentrated solution than the ammoniumchlorid ordinarily provided, is used the surface of zinc exposed to theaction of the electrolyte is correspondingly increased, while, however,the outside dimensions of the cell are maintained constant.

It is to be understood that I am notto be limited to corrugations asobviously any other expedient for increasing the surface of zinc exposedto the action of the electrolyte without increasing the outsidedimensions of the zinc, comes within the purview of this invention.

In Figs. 3, 4 and 5 I have shown a dry cell designated 3 in eachinstance, in which a plurality of zincs 4t and a plurality of car-- bons5 may be connected in multiple, the arrangement of the zines and carbonsbeing such that while a sufficient zinc surface is exposed to the actionof the electrolyte, which it will be remembered, is a more concentratedsolution than possible with ammonium chlorid, the cell as a wholeafiorcls all the advantages of a number of d cells connected in mul p ewith the additional 3. A dry cell comprising spaced electrodes one ofwhich is zinc, and an electrolyte of calcium chlorid.

4, A dry cell comprising a plurality of zincs and a plurality of carbonsconnected in multi' 1e.

5. A ry cell comprising a zinc element, a

carbon element and calcium chlorid, the area of the zinc exposed to theaction of the calcium chlorid bein greater than the out side dimensionsof t e cell.

6. A dry cell comprising a plurality of zincs and a, plurality ofcarbons connected in multiple, and an electrolyte composed of calciumchlorid.

7. A dry cell comprising a zinc container with several artions, andpositive electrodes disposed in the compartments formed by thepartitions and container, said positive electrodes being connected inmultiple.

This specification signed this 18th day of November, A. D., 1919.

SAMUEL E. GERTLER.

